The Ottoman Sabels
Introduction
The Ottoman vaults are architectural establishments that have had an important role in Islamic
society, whether religiously, healthy, politically, socially or economically.
The means were created on the one hand by the wealthy Muslims, being close to God and hoping for the reward of the Hereafter, by providing water for watering and drinking, especially for pedestrians on the roads who might be exposed to disease as a result of thirst from the sun's heat.
On the other hand, some people may intend to establish the way to be a way to indicate it, especially if the originator has a prominent political or social place to aspire to approach people to praise
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By the way, as well as the decorative elements, components of the Ottoman way in Cairo and the mutual influences thereof with the Turkish methods from the description of the tank, the water supply hole, the outlet hole and the down hole and also we will study an explanation of the methods of operating the way.
The road is considered a water establishment established to provide water to the people who pass the road. Its construction was a constant practice in all religions since ancient times, but it was more akin to Muslims in the great parts of the Arab East, especially in the areas with little water.
Hence, the sepals played an important role in providing the most important social welfare services to these regions, although the city of Cairo, especially in the Ottoman era, had the most share of this care.
Where the benevolent of its residents competed in the establishment of several spas with the intention of providing Nile water intended for drinking throughout the year at a time when modern means of supplying water were not known.
Where the benevolent of its residents competed in the establishment of several spas with the intention of providing Nile water intended for drinking throughout the year at a time when modern means of supplying water were not known.
The architectural elements
first: local style
It is the predominant style in most of the avenues of the Ottoman era in Cairo, where it is estimated that the number of spreads constructed in this style is sixty-three out of seventy remaining paths in Cairo dating back to this era. Flat roof based on raised wooden veins or nails installed with nails, and according to the method of operation there are often an anomaly with an entry in the wall opposite the main window and in the lower part of it is a chain board through which water passes through to the drinking ponds and the facade of the windows for the purpose of the number does not exceed three, and the floor of each window nets For drinking, a marble slab is placed on the outside.
-Two-sided spindles
Most of these spas occupy two corners in the sense that they have two free facades on a street with two window nets. This phenomenon is the most common appendix from it in the independent appendices, so we find that the path of Khusru Pasha and the path of the six good are not different from the path of the Cardinals and the path of Odeh Bashi with the ovary.
Moreover, we may find that the rectangular room in the rectangular shape in some of the splits overlooks its largest part on the street as a valid six way and in some it overlooks its smaller side as the Sabil Khusraw Pasha, depending on the available building area and its location in relation to the public street.
-Three-sided windows
It is a type of sable that takes the facade of a room in which it is visible in the street to become three windows, and there is only a little left of this type, as it does not exceed three ways, and in that it is equal to the remainder of this type of the Mamluk era and from the time difference between the two ages and perhaps this is due For the crowds of Cairo neighborhoods to urbanization in the Ottoman era, which does not have enough space to construct a path with three facades, he races on the street.
An example of this type is the path of Abdul Rahman Katkhuda, which represents the most wonderful examples of this type, and even the slicks of the local style in general, and we find it overlooking three completely free facades on the street in spite of its attachment to a house and shops, but the architecture made it in the back of the path and was assisted in that by the Sabeel Forum Three streets, and there is another architectural ploy in this way, which is that the architecture took advantage of the height of the facades of the path by making the roof top of a room of its way below the floor of the book a stolen room connected to the attached house, which is one of the architectural evidence that confirms that the path is attached to the house .
Second: Turkish influenced model:
The construction of Cairo spades started since the mid-eighteenth century A.D. I took a model of Istanbul spreads as the slate room is rectangular or square, which differs in its area according to the area allocated for construction, and overlooks the street with a curved façade. Based on the side pillars, this input is provided by a marble dyer to place drinking cups.
On one side of the facade we find a lollipop stone path, and sometimes two either on one side or on either side of the facade, one on the right of the entrance door for the way and the other on the left of the book entry door.
The splintering room from the inside is tiled with marble, some of the walls are covered in marble in its lower part and ceramic in its upper part.
As for the ceiling, it was of colored wood fixed with nails, as it was divided by wooden vouchers into areas of geometric shapes .
What is noticed on this model is that its siblings are not used for shattering, as the water was transferred from the tank nozzle directly to the septic tanks that were often taken round or near by the body. A special style can be called the local Ottoman style in many sub-components of this room.
Models of these sabils:
Examples of these Sabils include ( Sabil and the book of Khusraw Pasha, Sabil Yusuf Ktkhoda,Sabel Al-Set Al-Salha and Abdul Rahman Ktkhoda)
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