The Greeks Civilization
Introduction:
People who speak Greek immigrated from an early date in the south to the Greek Peninsula in the early 2000's. This was certainly before 1900 BC. Whatever the civilizational level of these people when they reached this region, they finally helped form the civilization of the advanced Bronze Age, in the period between 1400 and 1200 BC. This civilization is known as Mukken civilization, and some of its main centers are found in the south of the countries of the original Greece in Mukenai, Argos and Pylos. Their recently deciphered cross-sectional writings, known as Linear B, proved that their language used in palaces is at least one of the earliest forms of the Greek language. Although this discovery was astounding, we must nevertheless not exaggerate its implications and significance. The southern Balkans also had a long stone age and bronze age, before Greece appeared in this region. With the exception of the material remains, which do not indicate any new civilizational manifestations, the credit for which can be attributed to the new immigrants, we do not know what happened when they came. On the contrary, it has been centuries before the distinct civilization of the Mocean era appeared, and it is impossible for us to try to distinguish what 'Greece' contributed to what the 'pre-Greek' elements contributed to. The mixed breed that makes up the population; As in all other places and historical eras, there was no direct reciprocal relationship between sex, language and culture.
The Mokken Civilization:
The Mokken civilization ended abruptly around 1200 BC, and some historians attribute this to an ancient Greek migration, the migration of the Dorians. The next four centuries of this migration are called the eras of darkness, which means that they are dark for us because we do not know, and we can know little about them. It is tempting to see in these centuries and stages of 'darkness' in the way we used to call the name 'Dark Ages' the Middle Ages. Knowledge of writing has disappeared, the importance of major civilized centers has decreased, disputes and disputes have increased, and entire tribes and smaller population groups have migrated, in the countries of Greece, and to the east across the Aegean Sea to Asia Minor; In general, the antiquities and their civilizational levels indicate a severe poverty in the 'dark ages' stage, compared to Mokken civilization.
Nevertheless, the story is not just a story of deterioration and decay. Because during these dark ages, and through a process we can see a few traces of it in archaeological remains, and in the myths narrated by later Greece, an important industrial development occurred in the emergence of iron, as well as the Greek community appeared to exist. Although the language of palaces was the Greek language, the ties of the ancient Mockenian world were strong with the bureaucratic countries with central authority, which are located to the east in Syria and Mesopotamia, Mesopotamia. As for the new era that begins with the 'History of the Greek World', it was, and remained after that, a different world in terms of economics.Political, cultural. There were, of course, some civilizational elements that continued to exist, but they were a few scattered and organized into a new and unspecified format. Key skills and crafts, agricultural knowledge, pottery, and metalworking have remained just as the Greek language continued after this great social change, and it has also lived through the ages to the present day.
The origin of the word Greeks:
Greece never called themselves the 'Greeks', as this word is taken from the name given to them by the Romans, 'Graeci', as they were known in the Mokin era, apparently as the Achaeans. As we will see from contemporary records, this name was one of the names given to them in the Homeric poems, the oldest Greek literary work that reached us. Nevertheless, it happened that in the dark ages, and perhaps towards the end of it, the name of the Hellenists replaced all other names, and the name “Hellas” became known to all of Greece in general. As is the case with France and Italy today, Hillas is the current name for the countries of Greece. But in ancient times, it was different. There was then nothing that the Hellenists would refer to as their country. For them, Hillas was essentially an abstract concept or concept, such as the "Christian world" in the Middle Ages, or "the Arab world" today, and the reason for this was that the ancient Greece was never organized into political or geographic unity.