The period of prosperity of the Ptolemaic state (Ptolemy I until Ptolemy IV)
After the death of Ptolemy the First, his son Ptolemy II took over from his second wife (Berenice I), who was born in 340 BC, daughter of Lagos, and was the mistress of his first wife Yordicki, who also bore him his sister (Arsinoe II) 316-27 BC. Arsinoe I) was the daughter of Lagos by his wife (Neve Macedonian).
Foreign policy during the reign of Ptolemy II
When he took power, the contours of the Hellenistic state were defined by Seleucia in Syria, Asia Minor, the East Antigonian regions of Macedonia, and some parts of Greece.
Cornea
When Ptolemy took control of Al Qusayr, his half-brother Magas was appointed to Cornah from 296 BC, and disputes began between the two brothers, as Magas declared himself king of Corinth in 276 BC and married the Syrian princess Abama, his king. Son. The Seleucid king (Antiochus I), who was trying with this political marriage to open a new field for struggle in the West in order to try to consolidate his influence in the East.
The marriage of (Magas) to (Abama) resulted in a daughter who was known as (Bernice the Second) after the name of her grandmother to her father, and both (Magas) and (Antakos) agreed to attack Egypt in 274 BC, where (Magas) attacked her from the West and ( Antiochus attacked her from the inside from Syria from the east, but the campaign (Magas) was not completed due to the revolt of the Libyans (Marmarida), and from here (Magas) rebelled against his brother, but he betrothed his daughter (Benirlichi II) to his heir King Ptolemy III before his death in 259 before Birth.
Inside Syria
Since the reign of Ptolemy II, the Seleucid conflict began over the interior regions of Syria in what was known as the Sixth Syrian Wars, most of which was fought in the coasts of Asia Minor and the Aegean.
The First Syrian War (274-271 BC)
It began with the agreement of (Antiochus I) and (Magas) in 274 BC when Antiochus succeeded in attacking the possessions of the Ptolemies in Asia Minor and Syria, but Ptolemy succeeded and regained them in 271 BC, but he increased his influence until (Caria) and (Cilicia) on the coast of Asia After this victory, Ptolemaea celebrated in Alexandria in ceremonies known as (Ptolemaea).
The Second Syrian War (260-253) BC
Antiochus I died, and Antiochus II took power and wanted revenge on Ptolemy II and the ally of the king of Pergamon (Iemens I). Therefore, Antiochus agreed with the king of Macedonia and Greece, Antigonus II Jonatas, who wanted to limit the influence of the Ptolemies in the Aegean. Asia Minor is due to the defeats suffered by his fleet in the west of the island of Ark (Kos) in the southeast of the Aegean Sea, as well as its defeat in (Ephesus) on the coast of Asia Minor.
In spite of this, that war ended with a peace treaty in which political marriage was to consolidate relations between the two parties. Ptolemy II married his daughter (Piperilinki) called the dowry (Phernopharos). Apollonius led the caravan to marry Ptolemy, which is now called Acre, and married his daughter, an ally of Antiochus II. Who expelled his wife (Laodicea) to (Avius) with her children.
The country of Greece
Where (Arsinoe II) played an important role in the politics of Ptolemy II in Greece and its countries, and he was with incalculable, incomparable ambition, and not guided by law or morals. After the killing of her husband, Ptolemy the Thunderbolt, in 279 BC, she returned to Egypt in 276 BC, where the influence of Ptolemy II in Greece was the way to ignite the war that was known as the Khedmatian Wars in 266- 262 BC, related to the Athenian leader (Khrymoniris).
One of the most important causes of the war was the alliance of Athens and Sparta with some Greek cities, with the support of the Ptolemaic king Ptolemy II against Antigonus II of Jonatas, which ended in the defeat of Ptolemy and the diminution of its power in Greece.
Important note
When King Pyrrhus, king of Iberus, returned from Italy after failing to establish an empire in it, he found the country of Greece in conflict, especially Macedonia, where he was killed by the Thunderbolt at the hands of (the Galanids), and Jonatas became king over Macedonia in 277 - 276 BC after the defeat of the Jalanids in (Lucia).
Epirus tried to confront him, isolate him and control Macedonia, so he declared war on Jonatas after the Ptolemaic king declared his support, but this campaign did not bear fruit effort because what the Ptolemaic king offered was financial and material aid and he did not provide any military aid, so Pyrrhus lost the war.
Rome
During the reign of Ptolemy II, the first contact took place between Rome and the kingdoms of the East, when Ptolemy II sent an embassy to Rome to conclude a treaty of friendship between the two parties, and this treaty was the first of its kind between the Hellenistic kingdoms.
Ptolemy had a vision where Rome had a steadfast power in Italy, west of the Mediterranean, after its success in expelling King Pyrrhus, the king of Epros, and seizing control of the Greek cities in southern Italy.
The Red Sea and the Ariston Campaign
He is the first of the Ptolemaic kings to send an expedition to the Red Sea and Arabia to explore the coasts. The first expedition, led by Philon, aimed at exploring the state of the Western Red Sea, but it yielded nothing, and another campaign led by Ariston and its aim was to explore the western coast and achieved great success in establishing The ports worked on the spread of the Ptolemaic trade there, and another campaign led by the sailor (Eumides), which reached Eritrea now, and there he founded the city of Ptolemy in order to hunt elephants, and two campaigns in 278-277 BC in order to limit the influence of the association in the east, especially the Gulf of Aqaba.
Ptolemy the Second died in 246 BC, after he ruled for nearly 40 years, during which Egypt witnessed great stability and prosperity, so French scholars are similar to Louis the 14th.